Phonological and Phonemic Awareness (sounds)
What is Phonological Awareness?
Basically, it's tuning into the sounds of language. It involves recognizing and playing around with individual sounds in words, understanding rhymes, and knowing how words can be broken into parts. It's like the ABCs of reading and writing.
What is Phonemic Awareness?
This is the first stage of learning to read. “Phonemic Awareness is the awareness of and ability to manipulate the individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken words (Kilpatrick, 2015).” During this stage students build their listening skills to become aware of sounds.
In the 1-minute video below, Marjorie, a Literacy Specialist at Heggerty, defines phonemic awareness.
Early Phase - Phonological Awareness Phase
- Syllables - place the back of your hand under your chin, every time your chin drops, it is a syllable – ex. Happy - /hap/ /py/ = 2 syllables
- Alliteration - Sally sells seashells by the seashore.
- Onset-Rime - /p/ /at/ = /pat/; /n/ /et/ = /net/
Basic Phase
- Phoneme Blending (put sounds together) - /c//a//t/ = /cat/; /s//t//o//p/ = /stop/
- Phoneme Segmentation (break sounds apart) - /pin/ = /p//i//n/; /cut/ = /c//u//t/
Advanced Phase
- Phoneme Addition (adding a sound) - /see/, now add /k/ at the end = /seek/
- Phoneme Deletion (remove a sound) - say /mop/, but don’t say /m/ = /op/
- Substitution (remove and change a sound) - say /mop/, change /m/ to /t/ = /top/
- Reversal - (change the beginning and ending sounds) - /keep/ = /peek/
| Cranston Public School Videos |
| Blending and Segmenting |
| Segmenting |
| Substitution |
| Deletion |
| Home Activities |
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Florida Center for Reading Research
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| Phonological and Phonemic Awareness Resources |
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- Regional Educational Laboratory Program (REL)
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- Regional Educational Laboratory Program (REL)
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Florida Center for Reading Research
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For additional information, please contact your child's classroom teacher.